中文摘要：

针对现有的面向儿童的编程工具在图形化表示、交互设计等方面存在的不足，以及没有专门面向中国儿童的编程工具的问题，提出一种面向儿童的图形化编程范式和图形语言的描述方式，设计实现了适合8～14岁中国儿童使用的图形化编程语言和编程工具．以儿童用户的特点为核心，设计了10类图形化编程块，从逻辑层、物理层和数据接口层对编程块的属性进行多元组描述；根据图形化编程块的形状语义和功能定义图形化编程语言的语法规则，采用笔式交互技术为儿童设计实现了一个简单易用的编程工具．最后通过2个实例并结合初步用户评估实验，验证了该图形化编程工具的可用性．

英文摘要：

The existing programming tools for children have some limitations in graphical representation and interaction design. Moreover, there are barely no particularly well-designed tools for Chinese children. To this end, a graphical programming paradigm and a description method for graphical language are proposed in this paper. Based on the child-centered concern, a graphical programming language is designed for Chinese children aged 8 to 14. In the language, there are ten kinds of graphical programming blocks, which are described from logical, physical and interface layer respectively with attributed tuple. The syntax of the graphical programming language is defined based on the shapes and functions of these blocks. Finally, a tool supporting the language is implemented with the pen-based interaction technology. Two case studies and a preliminary user evaluation verify the usability of this graphical programmin~ tool.