中文摘要：

针对西北黄土高原半干旱区新修梯田土壤瘠薄、保水保肥能力差的特点,通过3年的田间定位试验,在氮磷肥平衡施用基础上,研究添施不同配方土壤熟化剂对新修梯田土壤理化性状、养分状况与作物产量等方面的影响。结果表明：（1）施用不同配方土壤熟化剂可降低新修梯田土壤容重,增大毛管孔隙度和田间持水量,增加土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量;且表层（0-10 cm）熟化效果好于底层（10-20 cm）。与试验前相比,表层土壤容重降低5.14%-18.49%,孔隙度和田间持水量分别增加9.14%-18.86%和10.96%-17.19%;土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾分别增加56.11%-114.19%、9.84%-78.69%、48.52%-268.50%、70.10%-427.53%;（2）与CK相比,A处理的培肥效果最显著,容重年均降低0.06 g·cm-3,孔隙度和田间持水量年均分别增加3.15、0.45%;土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾的年增加速率分别提高2.48 g·kg-（-1）、0.2 g·kg-（-1）、7.82mg·kg-（-1）、129.23 mg·kg-（-1）;其余培肥处理的效果为B＆gt;C、D、E＆gt;CK;（3）施用土壤熟化剂提高了作物产量和水分利用效率,以A配方的效果最好,2012、2013年马铃薯产量较CK分别提高37.69%、50.93%,2014年小麦产量较CK提高94.41%;3年A配方的水分利用效率较CK分别提高43.09%、48.71%、102.31%,且差异显著。综合可知,A配方（黑矾、腐植酸、氯化钾、微肥、DA-6用量分别为375、600、150、45、150×10-3kg·hm-2）对于改善土壤理化性状、提高土壤养分、水分利用效率和作物增产效应最佳,为西北黄土高原半干旱区新修梯田快速培肥较适宜的措施。

英文摘要：

To study the effect of different formula of modifiers on soil physical and chemical properties,nutrient status of the new terrace and the yield of the crops,a 3- year field experimental trial was carried out. The results showed that application of different modifiers formula reduced soil bulk density,increased soil porosity and field water capacity,increased soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content. The effect of the surface layer（ 0 to 10 cm） was better than that of the bottom layer（ 10 cm to 20 cm）.The soil bulk density of the surface layer was decreased by 5. 14% - 18. 49%,soil porosity and field capacity by9. 14% - 18. 86% and 10. 96% - 17. 19%,respectively. Soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 56. 11% - 114. 19%,9. 84% - 78. 69%,48. 52% - 268. 50%,70.10% - 427. 53% respectively.（ 2） Compared with CK,the effect of A treatment was the largest,with an average annual decrease in the soil bulk density of 0. 06 g·cm- 3,an average annual increase in soil porosity and field capacity of 3. 15% and 0. 45%. And the average annual increase rate of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 2. 48 g·kg-（-1）,0. 2 g·kg-（-1）,7. 82 mg·kg-（-1）,129. 23 mg·kg-（-1）,re-spectively. The effects of other treatments showed an order of B C,D,E CK.（ 3） The application of modifiers could improve the crop yield and water use efficiency. Take A formula as an example,the potato yield was increased by 37. 69% and 50. 93% in 2012 and 2013,respectively,and wheat production by 94. 41% in 2014 compared with CK. The water use efficiency of A treatment significantly was increased by 43. 09%,48. 71% and 48.71% in the year of 2012,2013 and 2014,respectively. Taken together,we proposed a formula for new terrace on semiarid region of the Loess Plateau.