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Neuroeconomics： Opening the ＂black box＂ behind the economic behavior

ISSN号：1671-3710
期刊名称：《心理科学进展》
时间：0
分类：F069.9[经济管理—政治经济学]
作者机构：[1]Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, [2]center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
相关基金：Supported by the National Pandeng Project （Grant No. 95-special-09）, the Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 30070260, 30470569 and 60435010）, and the Ministry of Education of China （Grant Nos. 01002 and 02170）

关键词：神经经济学, 脑成像, 经济行为, 神经心理学机制, neuroeconomics, neuroimaging, economic behavior, utility, regret, cooperation

中文摘要：

这篇论文介绍一个新兴的学科交差的研究领域， namelyneuroeconomics，哪个使用调查支持经济地相关的行为的神经系统的 neuroscientific 方法。传统的经济研究被限制为描述决定行为的水平，让在他们后面的认知机制未知。它也没能在真实生命预言许多决定行为。神经科学和经济的联合使揭开可能经济决策的内在的心理、神经的过程。Thispaper 在用途编码为大脑上从 neuroeconomic 文学考察调查结果，证明 neuroeconomic 研究能测试经济概念和理论的有效性并且提供新解释给经济现象。它讨论情感在经济决策和联系神经证据起的重要作用，建议理解在由测量神经活动的决策之上的情感的影响的可能性 ofemotion 相关的大脑区域。这篇论文也在在钱的游戏的合作和信任上总结 neuroscientific 研究，指出 neuroeconomic 研究的趋势是为在有稳固的生态的有效性的实验室的真实生活决策建模。Neuroeconomics 为经济理论提供 neuroscientific 证据不仅遗憾理论和游戏理论，而且为更多的全面、强大的经济的基础例如前景理论，当模特儿。

英文摘要：

This paper introduces an emerging interdisciplinary research field, namely neuroeconomics, which uses the neuroscientific methods to investigate the neural systems supporting economically relevant behaviors. Traditional economic research is restricted to the level of describing decision behaviors, leaving the cognitive mechanisms behind them unknown. It also fails to predict many decision behaviors in real life. The combination of neuroscience and economics makes it possible to uncover the underlying mental and neural processes of economic decision making. This paper reviews the findings from the neuroeconomic literature on encoding of utility in the brain, showing that neuroeconomic research can test the validity of economic concepts and theories and provide new explanations to economic phenomenon. It discusses the important role the emotion plays in economic decision making and the associated neural evidence, suggesting the possibility of understanding the impact of emotion upon decision making by measuring the neural activity of emotion-related brain regions. This paper also summarizes neuroscientific studies on cooperation and trust in monetary games, pointing out that the trend of neuroeconomic research is to model the real life decision making in the laboratory with solid ecological validity. Neuroeconomics provides not only neuroscientiflc evidence for economic theories, such as the prospect theory, the regret theory and the game theory, but also foundations for more comprehensive and powerful economic models.

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