中文摘要：

生物柴油是一种可再生能源,因其可替代石油来源的柴油而日益受到重视。随着生物柴油工业的蓬勃发展,其制备过程中的主要副产物甘油出现明显的产能过剩。作为一种廉价的清洁资源,甘油的深度开发和利用既是发展生物柴油工业的关键,也符合绿色化学的发展要求。近年来,甘油不仅作为重要的起始原料用于一些高附加值化学品的制备,而且因其独特的理化性质和易降解、生物相容性好等特性,在生物催化和绿色溶剂领域的应用研究日趋活跃。本文主要综述了甘油在工业微生物发酵、生物合成和绿色溶剂领域的研究进展,并就其应用中存在的一些问题,如甘油原料品质和微生物利用效率等进行分析,同时展望了甘油在生物催化领域的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Renew able biodiesel is a w idely accepted energy for its alternative use of petroleum diesel. Glycerol is an inevitable byproduct of biodiesel production. With the vigorous development of biodiesel industry,there is an obvious oversupply of glycerol. This over-generated green resource urgently needs further exploration for the sustainable new applications,w hich is critical to the development of biodiesel industry and is in accordance w ith the demands of green chemistry. In recent years,glycerol has become one of the most important raw material for the production of high value-added chemicals. Moreover,based on its special physicochemical properties,as w ell as degradability and good biocompatibility,glycerol plays an increasingly important role in biocatalysis and can be used as a new green solvent. This paper mainly review s the progress on glycerol for industrial biotechnology application in microbial fermentation,biosynthesis and green solvent. Some practical application problems involved in glycerol biotransformation,such as feedstock quality and microbial utilization efficiency,are also discussed in detail. The future application development of glycerol in biocatalysis is also prospected.