中文摘要：

目的：评价小口径（F4.5）输尿管镜下钬激光治疗输尿管结石嵌顿的作用及手术疗效．方法应用小口径输尿管镜治疗病程大于2月的输尿管结石嵌顿286例（334侧）．结果其中262例（304侧）患者经单次腔内治疗获得成功，成功率约为91.6%．结论时间较长输尿管结石嵌顿常常伴有输尿管梗阻病变（狭窄、息肉、肉芽增生、输尿管囊肿等），相比较粗的输尿管镜小口径输尿管镜治疗输尿管结石嵌顿单次成功率高，并有较高的安全性，并发症少，碎石、排石率较高，并可同时处理输尿管梗阻病变．

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the role and surgical curative effect of the holmium laser under minor-caliber ureteroscope （F4.5） for the treatment of incarcerated ureteral calculus. Methods The holmium laser under minor-caliber ureteroscope （F4.5） was used to treat the incarcerated ureteral calculus with the course more than 2 months in 286 cases （334 sides） . Results 262 patients （304 sides） were successful in operation of single cavity treatment, with success rate of 91.6%. Conclusion Long course incarcerated ureteral calculus often associated with ureteral obstruction lesions （narrow,polyp,granulation hyperplasia,ureter cyst,etc.）. Compared with thick ureteroscopy, minor-caliber ureteroscope has high single success rate for the treatment of incarcerated ureteral calculus with high safety, less complications, high gravel and platoon stone rates, and simultaneous treatment of the ureteral obstruction lesions.