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中文摘要：
为了建立科学合理、计算简便和实用性强的生态环境质量评价普适指数公式,在确定典型区域的生态环境评价指标体系及其分级标准的基础上,适当设定各项生态环境指标的参照值和指标值的（规范）变换式,使不同指标同级标准值的变换值差异较小,而变换值的对数值差异更小,从而可以认为用变换值表示的不同指标皆＂等效＂于某个指标。因此,用变换值表示的不同指标的某种类型的生态环境质量评价指数公式都可以用该＂等效＂指标的生态环境质量评价指数公式代替。在满足一定优化目标准则的条件下,用免疫进化粒子群混洗蛙跳算法对公式中的普适参数进行优化,分别得到优化后对23项生态环境指标皆适用的对数型幂函数、韦伯-费希纳定律、Γ型分布函数、污染危害S型函数和加权加和型幂函数5种形式的生态环质量评价普适指数公式,并对公式的可靠性进行了理论分析,对其实用效果进行了检验。
英文摘要：
In order to establish universal index formulae,which should be scientific,reasonable,simple and practical in application to eco-environment quality assessment,based on determination of the eco-environment assessment index systems and grading standards for typical regions,proper reference values and transformation formulae were set for each eco-environment index,separately,so as to minimize differences of the transformation values,especially logarithmic values of the transformation values from the standard values of different indexes of the same grade.Thus,the various indexes expressed by transformation values can be held to be equivalent to a certain index.Therefore,various types of eco-environment quality assessment index formulae with transformation values expressing various indices can all be replaced by eco-environment quality assessment index formulae of corresponding ＂equivalent＂ indices.Meanwhile universal parameters in each formula were optimized repeatedly with the immune evolutionary-particle swarm optimization-shuffled frog leaping algorithm under the condition that certain optimization objective criteria were satisfied.As a result,5 forms of eco-environment quality assessment universal index formulae were gained,i.e.logarithmic power function,Weber-Fechner law,Г distribution function,pollution harm S-type function and weighted additive power function,which are applicable to 23 items of eco-environment indices after optimization.Furthermore,reliabilities of 5 formulae were analyzed theoretically and tested by practice.
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