中文摘要：

土壤微生物多样性是维持人工林土壤生产力的重要组成部分。为了解不同施肥处理对杨树人工林土壤微生物多样性的影响,以苏北沿海地区8年生杨树人工林为对象开展施肥试验,共设置6种施肥处理：CK（对照）、T1（NPK复合肥）、T2（有机肥）、T3（生物炭）、T4（NPK复合肥＋生物炭）、T5（有机肥＋生物炭）,采用Biolog-Eco法测定了土壤微生物的功能多样性。研究结果表明：①各种施肥处理都不同程度地促进了土壤微生物的生长。T4、T5处理增加了土壤pH、TC（全碳）、TC/TN（全碳氮比）,它们的土壤微生物量也显著最高。T3处理可能改变了土壤微生物群落结构。②T2、T3、T4、T5处理都增加了土壤微生物整体活性和碳源利用能力,其中T5处理碳源利用能力显著高于其他处理,而T1处理减弱了微生物碳源利用。③土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力存在季节差异,在不同季节从强到弱依次表现为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季;生物炭配施有机肥改变了微生物对碳源利用能力的季节动态,表现为春季最高。

英文摘要：

Effects of different fertilizers on the functional diversity of soil microbes under 8 years old poplar plantation in a coastal area of eastern China were investigated using Biolog-Eco method in this study. We fertilized in June 2013 and set up six fertilizing treatments including no fertilizer （ CK）, NPK chemical fertilizer （ T1 ）, Manure fertilizer （ T2）, Biochar （T3）, NPK fertilizer plus biochar （T4）, and manure fertilizer plus biochar （T5）. We collected soil samples in August 2014, October 2014, December 2014 and March 2015, respectively. The results showed that： ① Fertilizer applications increased SMBC and SMBN, and T4, T5 treatments increased soil pH, TC （total C） , TC/TN and the microbial biomass were significantly higher than other treatments. T3 treatment changed microbial structure. ② Fertilizer applications changed the functional diversity of soil microbial community. T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatments improved soil microbial activity and carbon utilization capacity of soil microbial community; carbon utilization ability of T5 treatment was the highest, while NPK treatment decreased carbon utilization ability. ③ The carbon utilization ability was significantly higher in summer than that in autumn and winter, but the carbon utilization ability of T5 treatment in spring was the highest. It was known that fertilizer applications promoted growth of soil microbes. Except for NPK fertilizer, others improved soil microbial activity, and manure plus bioehar mostly changed the functional diversity of soil microbes.