中文摘要：

遗传距离是指两个民族的人追溯到他们最近的共同祖先所过去的时间。本文在Spolaore and Wacziarg（2009）的理论基础上,将遗传距离对跨国收入差距的影响机制内生化。本文采用民族加权法测算了中国与全球107个国家间的遗传距离,对2001—2010年跨国数据的面板IV估计结果表明：遗传距离通过人力资本和国际贸易的渠道对跨国收入差距产生显著的正向影响。遗传距离对跨国收入差距的作用机制在中国与44个遗传距离较远的国家间更为显著。实证结果具有稳健性。

英文摘要：

Genetic distance is the time elapsed since two populations separated from their closest common ancestor. We base our research on the model by Spolaore and Wacziarg （2009） and endogenous the genetic distance＇s effect on income gap. We use weighted method to constructing the genetic distance between China and 107countries. The panel data covering 2001 to 2010 shows that genetic distance has influence on income through channels such as human capital and bilateral trade, the result is more significant for the 44 countries that are further in genetic distance to China. The empirical study had shown sufficient robustness.