中文摘要：

突发事件的发生常常伴随着次生事件，形成连锁反应，造成重大的人员伤亡和经济损失。从系统的角度出发，研究了各类突发事件之间的不同关联，分析了突发事件演化的不同模式，提出了突发事件点、链、网、超网间的4层演化模式框架，并针对突发事件的不同演化模式进行了分析；最后通过实例说明了突发事件的4种演化模式。研究结论对于预防灾害的扩大，以及灾害的宏观预警具有一定的意义。

英文摘要：

Emergent events and the chain reaction caused by them usually result in significant casualties and proper- ty losses. Herein, different emergency evolution models were studied from the systematic perspective to find out common characters and correlations of four various eme/：gency events. An academic framework with four hierar- chies, i.e. single event, event chain, event network, and event super-network, were proposed. Corresponding de- tail analysis was conducted. The effectiveness of the framework was verified provide a reference to disaster prevention and early warning. through a real case. This paper can