中文摘要：

水平井牵引器的动力性能直接影响牵引器的工作质量, 因此对牵引器进行力学研究至关重要, 而传统的牵引器研究方法较为简单.为获得更为准确的牵引器运动模型, 首先对水平井牵引器在正常前进过程中所受到的各种外力进行研究, 其中包括对电缆阻力、仪器阻力、流体阻力、井斜阻力和加速阻力的分析, 根据分析得到各种阻力的计算公式, 推导出了较为精确的牵引方程.根据实际井下信息和牵引方程, 可以绘制牵引器下入井深与牵引力之间的关系曲线, 并确定牵引器所需的最小牵引力和各井深处牵引力大小等关键参数.通过与牵引器实际施工数据的对比, 发现这种分析方法与现场结果较为接近, 预测的牵引力变化曲线较为接近实际曲线, 表明此分析方法具有一定的实用性.研究结果可为牵引器的优化设计与应用提供科学依据.

英文摘要：

The dynamic performance of horizontal well tractor directly influence the tractor’ s work quality, so mechanics studies on tractor are essential?But the traditional tractor mechanics study methods are usually simple?To build a more accurate model of tractor, the study firstly focuses on analyzing external forces when moving tractors, including cable resistance, instrument resistance, fluid resistance, well deviation resistance and acceleration re?sistance?Relatively accurate traction equations are proposed base on the analytical formulas of these resistances?On the basis of the actual downhole information and traction equations, curves that reflect the relation between traction force and depth of wells can be drawn, and key parameters such as the minimum traction force and the tractor forces at each depth can be determined?Compared with the actual data obtained during tractor moving, the simula?ted data by this method are consistent with the actual results, and the predicted curve of traction force change is al?so close to the actual curve, showing that the developed research method is practical?The study results could pro?vide scientific basis for the design and optimization of tractor.