中文摘要：

在认识人类的行为与人类文化的走向方面,迄今的科学探索尚未成功.从狩猎部落进入农业社会、文明国家,再到工业社会,都不是人类理性预设的结果.人类是“被发展”的,即被一种看不见的力量驱使前行.人作为文化动物,必然受其文化观念的支配.探寻每一个文明的观念之源,需要诉诸于史前至文明之初的神话观念形成史.当代神话学家通过解析西方文明源头的文学作品揭示出神话观念支配仪式行为和叙事表达的规则,文章解析《史记·秦始皇本纪》的历史叙事案例,再现支配华夏国家统治者行为的观念要素,提示神话观念决定论的理论命题,呼应恩格斯晚年提出的意识形态的反作用力与韦伯的宗教观念决定论,说明神话观念对意识形态的原型编码作用,并指向一种普遍有效的人文研究指导性范式.

英文摘要：

So far no successful scientific exploration has been made in understanding trends of human behavior and human culture. Every process of human being from hunting tribes, to agricultural society,to civilized countries,and then to industrial society,is not the preset results of its rationality. Human being is “being developed” , namely it is driven forwards by an unseen force. As a cultural animal,human is bound to be dominated by its cultural concepts. To ex- plore the source of the ideas of each civilization needs to resort to the formation history of the myth concepts from the prehistory to the beginning of the civilization. Based on the analysis on literal works of western civilization source, contemporary mythologists reveal rules of myth concepts dominating ritual behaviors and narrative expression. This article,by analyzing the his- torical narration of Records of the Historian：Qin Shihuang, reproduces conceptual elements dominating China＇s rulers＇ behaviors,and proposes the theoretical proposition of myth concep- tual determinism,which echoes ideology of reaction proposed by Engels in his old age,and reli- gion conceptual determinism by Max Weber. It illustrates the function of mythical concept in coding the prototype of ideology,and points to a guiding paradigm for universally effective hu- manity research.