农业综合开发战略转型区划研究,是科学适应新形势下国家对农业综合开发提出的"坚持可持续、提升竞争力"要求的前提和基础。针对已有农业区划的单一目标和单一类型划分问题,以宁夏为例,基于农业相关的耕地、气候、水、地形、地貌、项目布局、生态规划等空间数据,采用地理学综合区划的方法,提出了动态与静态结合、定性与定量结合、农业与生态结合的13项多维指标体系,提出了合理且可操作的技术流程,科学划分了包含过渡类型的一级区划(7大类型:重点开发区、"重点+限制"开发区、保护性开发区、"保护+限制"开发区、"限制+重点"开发区、"限制+保护"开发区和限制性开发区)和二级区划(24个亚类),实现了农业可持续和生态环境保护的双重目标。本文是国家财政部明确提出农业综合开发要科学划分重点开发区、保护性开发区和限制性开发区之后,首次实现在省(区)级以乡(镇)为单位的科学划分,可为今后农业综合开发战略转型项目的科学布局和精准投入提供重要依据,为宁夏农业综合开发战略转型工作的具体落地实施提供科学保障,同时也可为其他省份或地区的农业综合开发战略转型区划工作提供有益参考。
Strategy transformation regionalization for the agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) was presented by Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China(MOF) in 2014. It is the premise and basis of the adaptation to the requirement of insisting sustainable development and improving competitive power in the new situation of agriculture.Based on the environment factors related to agriculture, like cropland, climate, water resource,terrain, geomorphology, project pattern, ecology, etc., we built 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices are considered in the combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors.Also, the reasonable and operable technique flow was presented for the regionalization. Finally,this paper gave the strategy transformation regionalization for ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China. The regionalization included seven types(prioritized,protective, restricted regions and four transitional types including prioritized and restricted,protective and restricted region, restricted and prioritized, restricted and protective regions) and24 subtypes. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions are mainly in the northern Ningxia, which is the best region for agriculture. The protective and restricted regions are in the central and southern Ningxia. In the central Ningxia, drought is the limiting factor for agriculture, and water saving projects should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in the southern Ningxia, so the ecological agriculture should be applied. This regionalization was presented for two goals: agricultural conservation and eco- environmental protection. This research is the requirement of scientific regionalization including three types of regions(prioritized, protective, restricted regions) presented by the MOF, and it is also applied at the town scale in the provincial or autonomous region for the first time. This study ca