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中文摘要：
主要探讨了半正定阵和不定阵用于计算品种（系）间遗传距离的可行性，以及在试验中如何避免计算产生零、负特征根，保证以正定实对称矩阵进入计算的问题；同时，阐明了表一主一遗一欧法（PGD法）的优越性。经理论和实用性分析，得出以下结论：半正定阵或不定阵可用于计算品种（系）间遗传距离；在计算品种（系）间距离时，应具有较大样本，并且宜采用较少和非高度线性相关的性状；PGD法由于考虑了各性状的遗传力，计算的遗传距离能真实地反映品种（系）间的遗传差异。
英文摘要：
The feasibility of positive semi definite matrix and indefinite matrix used in genetic distance calculation between maize varieties （lines） and how to ensure a real symmetric positive definite matrix into genetic distance calculation by avoiding emergence of the zero or negative characteristic root were discussed and the superiority of PGD method was expounded in the paper. The results from theoretical and practicability analysis showed that the positive semi-definite matrix or indefinite matrix can be used in genetic distance calculation between maize varieties （lines） under large samples and less characters with non-highly linear correlation. The genetic distance calculated by PGD method can really reflect the genetic difference between varieties （lines） because the hereditary capacity of different characters is considered.
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