中文摘要：

2015年8月,对江西省抚州市资溪县马头山国家自然保护区鸟类群落结构进行了调查,共观察到57种491只鸟类,隶属于9目、26科。其中雀形目鸟类在个体数量和种类上都占据了优势地位,金腰燕是其中的优势种。在居留型组成上,留鸟无论在个体数量还是种数上都占最高比例,分别为64.0%和78.9%。马头山国家自然保护区鸟类群落多样性指数为3.15,均匀性指数为0.78。在调查的七种鸟类生境中,阔叶林群落鸟类多样性最高,为2.67,而溪流水域群落的均匀性指数最高,达到0.94。分析结果表明,栖息地生产力的高低在很大程度上决定了不同生境鸟类分布的多样性,而栖息地的相似性则决定了鸟类群落组成的相似程度。此外,各生境鸟类群落结构的相似性都很低（〈60%）,具有明显的差异。

英文摘要：

The avian community was conducted in August 2015 at Matoushan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province.The results showed that there were 57 species totally,which belonged to 9orders,i.e.26 families.Of these birds,Passeriformes dominated in both the proportions values of individual and species numbers.Hirundo daurica was the most predominant in this community.The residents owned both the highest individual and species numbers,and reached 64.0% and 78.9% of all birds,respectively.The whole avian species diversity and evenness indexes were 3.15 and 0.78,respectively.The evergreen broad-leaf forest bird community had the highest value of species diversity（2.67）,while the stream community owned highest evenness（0.94）in all 7different habitats.In total,the level of productivity of habitat largely determined the distribution characteristics of birds in different habitats.Meanwhile,the habitat similarity determined the similar degree of the composition of avian communities at Matoushan Nature Reserve.Finally,allhabitat similaritiesamongdifferent communities were very low（ 60%）,and theirpairwise differences were significant.