中文摘要：

海拉尔盆地作为大庆油田外围最有潜力的油气盆地之一,其古地温梯度以及古地温与油气的关系尚未进行系统研究。根据磷灰石裂变径迹法求取的古地温梯度为3.44～4.20℃/hm。其中乌尔逊凹陷古地温梯度与现今地温梯度接近,贝尔凹陷和呼和湖凹陷恢复的古地温梯度值高于现今地温梯度值。热史模拟表明海拉尔盆地最高古地温是在伊敏组沉积晚期90Ma达到。一类凹陷如乌尔逊凹陷属于持续埋藏型凹陷,中生代以来是一升温过程,在凹陷的中心部位现今地温是地层经历的最高地温,烃源岩热演化程度受现今地温场控制,现今持续生烃。另一类凹陷如贝尔凹陷和呼和湖凹陷,属于抬升剥蚀型凹陷,伊敏组沉积之后是一个降温过程,现今地温小于古地温,烃源岩热演化程度受古地温场控制。古地温演化史结合伊利石测年结果表明,伊敏组沉积晚期是海拉尔盆地一次非常重要的油气成藏期;古近纪以来为第二次成藏阶段,主要为早期形成油气藏的重新调整和二次生成的油气继续注入成藏。

英文摘要：

Hailaer Basin is one of the most abundant oil and gas baisns of Daqing Oilfield,however the characteristics of paleogeothermal field and its correlation with oil and gas have not been systematically well studied.The paleogeothermal gradient obtained by the apatite fission track method is about 3.44-4.2℃/hm.The paleogeothermal gradient in Wu′erxun Depression is close to the present geothermal gradient（3.3℃/hm）,however the paleogeothermal gradient in Bei′er Depression and Huhehu Depression is higher than the present geothermal gradient.The paleotemperature research and thermal history simulation show that the maximum paleotemperature were reached in late period of Yinmin Formation（90 Ma）.One type is the Wu′erxun Depression that belongs to a steadly burial type depression,which has a contious temperature rising process since Mesozoic.The present geothermal temperature at its center location is the highest temperature that the stata has experienced.The maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks is controlled by present geothermal field and it is still generating the hydrocarbon.Another type is the Bei′er and Huhehu Depression that belong to uplift erosion type depression.Temperature decrease after the deposition of Yinmin Formation,therefore the present geothermal temperature is lower than its paleotemperature,and the maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks is controlled by paleogeothermal field.Study of the paleogeothermal history and illite dating results show that late period of Yinmin Formation deposition is the very important formation stage of oil-gas reservoirs for Hailaer Basin.The second stage is since Tertiary during which the oil-gas reservoirs that formed in the first stage was readjusted and the new oil-gas reservoirs was formed.