中文摘要：

为研究水库水体结冰及冰盖热力变化规律,在恒温实验室中进行了不同水深、不同负气温条件下的静水结冰试验,对结冰历时、垂向温度分布、冰盖厚度等要素进行观测,研究静水条件下水深与气温对结冰过程、冰盖热力变化及水温、冰温分布的影响。试验表明：在静水条件下,气温是影响冰情的主要因素,冰盖厚度与累积小时负气温线性相关;水深对初冰开始时间有所影响,但对冰盖热力变化过程的影响不明显;冰盖生长过程中,冰内温度基本呈线性分布,冰温斜率随气温降低而增大;融冰期冰盖下水温分布基本保持不变。

英文摘要：

To study the freezing process and thermal changes on reservoir ice cover,icing tests were conducted with different air temperature and water depth conditions in the reservoir placed in a constant-temperature laboratory.The freezing time,the vertical distribution of temperature and the thickness of ice cover were measured during the tests to study the effect of different air and water depth conditions on freezing processes,thermal changes on reservoir ice cover,water temperature,and temperature distribution in the ice cover.The results show that temperature is a major influential factor on the ice cover regime.The ice thickness is linearly proportional to the accumulated hours under negative temperatures.The water depth has an impact on the onset of the freezing process,but its effect on thermal changes on reservoir ice cover is marginal.During ice growth,a linear temperature gradient can be observed in reservoir ice cover.The slope of ice temperature increases with the decrease of air temperature.The distribution of water temperature under reservoir ice cover remains unchanged during the melting period.