中文摘要：

平板探测器技术的发展使得锥形束计算机断层扫描技术（Cone Beam Computerized Tomography，CBCT）成为一种重要的成像技术，有着十分广泛的应用。基于C形臂的CBCT，除了具有CBCT的技术优势外，还特别适合在影像引导介入手术中应用。然而，如何在满足手术实时性要求的同时获得高分辨率高质量的三维断层图像，仍是个十分具有挑战性的课题。文章提出一种基于GPU加速技术的C形臂CBCT三维图像快速重建方法：在算法层面应用GPU并行加速技术对重建算法进行优化，在系统层面通过设计分布式系统和延迟隐藏机制，大大提升了由二维投影图像重建三维体数据的效率。在保持重建精度的前提下，优化后的GPU加速的FDK算法极大地提升了重建过程的计算效率。延迟隐藏机制进一步提升了系统的运行效率。在使用90帧投影时，系统效率提升了26％，重建延迟加速了2．1倍；当使用120帧投影时，系统效率提升39％，重建延迟加速达到3_3倍。

英文摘要：

With the development of flat panel detector technology, cone-beam computerized tomography （CBCT） has become an important image technique, and been widely applied in clinical practices. Specially, C-arm mounted CBCT has shown extra suitability in image guided interventional surgeries. However, how to acquire real-time, high resolution, and high quality 3D images remains challenging. In this paper, a GPU based acceleration method for fast C-arm CBCT 3D image reconstruction was proposed. With the acceleration both in algorithm and system design, it is shown that the system performance is enhanced with the proposed system design by 26% and reconstruction delay is accelerated by 2.1 times when 90 frames of projections were used, and the performance increases to 39% and 3.3 times with 120 frames.