中文摘要：

利用固定床重油加氢微型反应装置考察了煤热解重油的临氢热裂化特性；采用多种分析方法对不同温度和压力下重质焦油组分的裂化产物分布影响进行了研究。试验结果表明，反应温度为570℃、反应压力为2MPa时，焦油重质组分临氢热裂化程度最深；高温使溶剂甲苯支链断裂，产生大量的甲烷；甲基自由基和氢自由基对大分子物质的裂化起引发作用；反应压力对产物分布有明显影响，压力增高会造成高馏分段比例增加，在一定程度上抑制大分子的裂化。

英文摘要：

The thermal cracking features of heavy components （〉300℃）in coal tar were studied using a micro-scale fixed-bed reactor in hydrogen atmosphere.Various analytical methods were used to study the distribution of products as function ofhydrocracking temperature and pres- sure.The results indicated that when the reaction temperature was 570℃ and the reaction pres- sure was 2 MPa, the heavy componentsof coal tar had the deepest extent of hydrocracking; large amount of methane generated from the cleavage of branch-chain of solventunder high tempera- turesand methyl radicals played as the initiator to accelerate the cracking of macromolecular mate- rial.The reaction pressure had a significant effect on the distribution of products. Hydrocracking pressure rising leaded to increasing of the proportion of high-temperature fraction and to some ex- tent inhibition of macromolecules cracking.