中文摘要：

开发了一套紫外域波长的米散射激光雷达系统,探测西安城区上空大气气溶胶污染物质的光学特性及时空变化.系统选用对人眼较为安全的355 nm波长激光作光源,采用高光谱分辨率光栅,并借助光阑,将接收到的主要大气回波信号谱线（米散射和瑞利散射光谱与白天太阳背景光）从空间分离,剔除大部分太阳背景噪音,提高系统的白天探测能力.通过对西安城区上空的气溶胶时空变化特性进行24 h连续观测,采用Klett方法反演得到气溶胶消光系数,首次测得西安城区不同时刻消光系数的高度分布剖面图以及24 h内气溶胶相对质量密度的时空变化特性.

英文摘要：

An ultraviolet Mie scattering lidar system atmospheric aerosol pollutant and its spatial and has been developed to measure the optical properties of temporal variations at Xi＇an , China. Considering the requirement of eye-safety, a laser at 355 nm is selected as a transmitter. In order to enhance the capability of daytime measurement, the system employs a high-resolution grating to separate the main lidar return; including Mie-Rayleigh scattering signals and solar background signal, according to the wavelength spatially, and then by cooperating with an iris to block the majority of solar background. The lidar system have been operated at Xi＇an, and the first results of lidar observation are demonstrated here by observing the aerosol profiles of the extinction coefficient and the spatial-temporal variation properties of aerosol relative mass density, which were obtained within whole-day in one-hour interval.