中文摘要：

在空间环境中，微重力是一个很重要的因素之一，但空间环境又不完全等同于微重力环境，它还同时存在字宙辐射等其他因素。本文重点探索空间环境与模拟微重力环境对高等植物试管苗细胞亚显微结构的影响，以及同工酶变化和RAPD分子标记的初步结果。通过对高等植物的试管苗（月季、树莓、马铃薯、香石竹、人参果）分别进行的模拟微重力实验及空间飞行实验，发现模拟微重力条件与空间环境对植物试管苗的生长过程中细胞超微结构既有相同的作用。又有不同的作用。

英文摘要：

Microgravity is one of the important features of outer space. However, other factors such as cosmic rays in the cosmic space do not feature in a microgravity environment. In this paper, alterations in sub-microstructure, changes in the isoenzymes and the associated RAPD markers of the in vitro cultured higher plants are studied in both cosmic space and the simulated microgravity environments, and preliminary results are presented. The growth experiments with several cultured higher plant species are conducted, including rose, blackberry, potato, grape, carnation and Ginseng fruit under the simulated microgravity environment and genuine outer space conditions. The results show that sub-microstructural changes in cultured cells can be resulted from both microgravity and outer space growth conditions, while different effects on the cultured cells are also observed.