中文摘要：

以空间代时间的方法,研究了天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川退缩地植物群落的演替.结果表明,1号冰川退缩地现代冰期冰碛物上共出现被子植物15科50种,以菊科、禾本科、石竹科和莎草科为主.植物群落演替可明显分为4个阶段,并且表现出菊科→石竹科→禾本科→莎草科的基本演替规律.在时间序列上,物种数、物种丰富度、物种个体数、多样性指数和群落盖度等重要值都与演替时间呈显著正相关.该区域内植物种的分布主要受风力种子传播驱动,种子小而多、易于通过风力传播、且株型低矮抗逆性强的植物种类优先出现,而土壤发育程度则是植物群落演替的直接决定因素.

英文摘要：

The succession of plant community in the retreat forefield of the Tianshan Mountain Glacier No. 1 was investigated by the method of the dis- tance substitute for ages. The results showed that there are 50 species belong to 15 families that grow in this region and the main families are Composi- tae, Gramineae, Caryophyllaceae, and Cyperace- ae. The succession of plant community can be di- vided into four stages that shows the rule of the species appearance following Compositae→Caryo- phyllaceae→Gramineae→Cyperaceae. The species number, species rechness, species individual num- ber, diversity index and vegetation coverage show a significant positive correlation with the succes- sion chronosequence. The distribution expansions of the plant species in this region are drived by seed dispersal which can spread with the wind force. Therefore, the pioneer plants are those spe- cies that possess a lot of small seeds which is able to easily spread with wind force, and possess a dwarf plant type and a strong stress resistance. The development level of the soil in this region is the key factor that limit the succession of plant community.