中文摘要：

目的 研究中国汉族正常成人垂体MRI形态学特征,为建立国人正常标准脑提供垂体形态学数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取18～70岁978名健康志愿者,并按18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁5个年龄段分为A、B、C、D、E组,行3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI,利用3D后处理软件进行MPR,测量垂体体积及各方向径线,以及垂体柄与大脑中线、视交叉及垂体表面夹角.相同性别不同年龄分组的垂体测量值比较采用方差分析,相同组别不同性别垂体测量值的比较采用独立样本t检验分析,垂体分型数据采用x2分析.结果 （1）垂体体积：男性5组垂体体积分别为（1142±290）、（996±223）、（979±178）、（971±174）、（930±189）mm^3,女性分别为（1247±210）、（1199±216）、（1108±196）、（1059±212）、（984±177）mm^3,在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为13.811、27.091,P值均〈0.01）,在男性30岁以后,女性40岁以后垂体体积变小;同年龄组女性垂体体积大于男性（P〈0.05）;垂体体积与性别、年龄、分型、正中高径、前后径和宽径相关（r=0.646,P〈0.01）.（2）垂体径线测量统计：垂体正中高径男性各组分别为（6.6±1.5）、（6.0±1.4）、（5.6±1.1）、（5.0±1.2）、（4.9±1.4）mm,女性分别为（7.9±1.6）、（6.4±2.0）、（5.6±1.7）、（5.1±1.7）、（4.4±1.4）mm,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为24.582、62.978,P值均〈0.01）,30岁之前女性正中矢状高径大于男性,30岁之后男女垂体正中矢状高径逐渐减小,男性50岁后,女性60岁后降至最低;垂体正中矢状高径与性别、年龄相关（r=0.570,P〈0.01）.垂体宽径男性各组分别为（14.8±1.8）、（14.7±1.4）、（14.2±1.9）、（14.3±2.1）、（13.8±2.4）mm,女性各组分别为（14.9±1.8）、（15.8±1.7）、（15.5±2.1）、（15.6±2.2）、（14.9±2.1）mm,不同年龄组

英文摘要：

Objective To study the morphological characteristics of pituitary glands in healthy adult of the Han nationality on the High-resolution MRI and provide morphological data of pituitary glands for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.Nine hundred and seventy eight Chinese healthy volunteers （age range = 18 to 70） recruited from 16 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., Group A （ age range = 18 to 30）, B （ age range = 31 to 40）, C （ age range = 41 to 50）, D （ age range = 51 to 60 ）, and E （ age range = 61 to 70）.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T, weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.By Multiplan reconstruction with 3D software, the pituitary gland＇s volume, size, and inclination of pituitary stalk were measured and the differences between sexualities and among age groups were compared by analysis of variance using SPSS13.0; those among five age groups were compared pair-wised by Tukey analysis; and the differences between male and female were analyzed by independent t test, and the differences of measurements of typing of pituitary glands were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results（ 1 ） Volume of pituitary glands： the mean volume of male and female among 5 age groups were （ 1142±290）, （996±223）, （979 ±178）, （971 ±174）, （930 ±189） and （1247 ±210）, （1199 ±216）,（ 1108 ± 196）, （ 1059 ± 212 ）, （984 ± 177 ） mm^3 respectively.There were significant differences among the age groups（F = 13.811,27.091 ,P 〈0.01）, the volume tended to decrease after 30 years old in male and 40 years old in female.Female has bigger volume than man in the same age group （P 〈 0.05）.There were statistically correlation between sexes, age, typing, heights in middle sagittal width in coronal MR and anteroposterior diameter in middle sagittal MR.（2） The size of pituitary giands：the mean heights on middle sagittal MR