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天山北坡呼图壁河生态基流量估算研究

ISSN号：1007-2284
期刊名称：《中国农村水利水电》
时间：0
分类：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]
作者机构：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046, [2]新疆大学绿洲生态教育部省部共建重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046, [3]新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所,乌鲁木齐830046, [4]干旱半干旱区可持续发展国际研究中心,乌鲁木齐830046
相关基金：水利部公益性行业科研专项项目＂内陆干旱区实施最严格水资源管理关键技术＂（201301103）;国家自然科学基金重点项目＂干旱区湖泊流域路面过程及人类活动适应性--以艾比湖流域为例＂（41130531）;国家自然科学基金面上项目＂天山北坡典型流域积雪一冻土水热耦合中融水产汇流机制研究＂（41171023）.

作者：魏雯瑜[1,2], 刘志辉[1,2,3,4], 冯娟[1,2], 杨金明[1,2], 王敬哲[1,2]

关键词：生态基流, 呼图壁河, TENNANT法, 生态需水量, the ecological base flow, Hutubi River, Tennant method, ecological water demand

中文摘要：

利用Tennant法、最枯月平均流量多年平均值法、90%保证率最枯月平均流量法和年型划分方法 4种生态基流估算方法对天山北坡呼图壁河的生态基流进行估算。结果表明：（1）Tennant法获得的生态基流量为一般用水期（10月-翌年3月）的最小生态需水量为0.055亿m3,鱼类产卵育幼期（4-9月）的最小生态需水量为1.253亿m3;利用最枯月平均流量多年平均值法估算值为0.052亿m3;利用90%保证率最枯月平均流量法估算基流量为0.072 8亿m3;利用年型划分法估算生态基流量为0.166亿m3。（2）对比4种方法可得利用最枯月平均流量多年平均值法估测值数值与实测值较接近,改进的Tennant法估测值不仅与实测接近,而且对年内用水可以进行更细致的划分,所以更适合用于反映呼图壁生态基流量。

英文摘要：

This study uses four methods to estimate the ecological base flow of Hutubi River, the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains. Ten- nant method has been improved, the most withered month of years average flow method, 90% reliability of the most withered month average flow in each year method and model year divided method Results ：（1）Tennant method for the minimum ecological base flow for general （ Octo- ber-March in next year）is 0.055×10^8m^3; for water phase of fishes spawning young （April-September） is 1.253x 10s m3.The minimum eco- logical base flow of the most withered month of years average flow method is 0.052×10^8m^3.The minimum ecological base flow of the 90% reli- ability of the most withered month average flow in each year method is 0.072 8×10^8m^3 .The minimum ecological base flow of the model year divided method is0.166×10^8m^3.（2）omparing the four methods, the average value of runoff by using the most withered month of years average flow method is close to the measured average value. And the average value estimated by improved Tennant method are not only close to the measured average value, but the mathod can also divide the using water in a year meticulously, so improved Tennant mathod is more suitable to reflect the ecological base flow of Hutubi.

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