中文摘要：

微观粒子的运动规律一直是人们很感兴趣的课题,为了更好地解释物质波衍射问题,本文用量子理论新方法研究C60分子的双缝衍射,首先用薛定谔方程严格求解左右缝中的C60分子的波函数,再由费曼路径积分量子理论计算得到C60分子在缝后的衍射波函数,继而得到衍射屏上的衍射波函数,在考虑退相干效应对此双缝衍射的影响时,由数学转换求出C60衍射波函数模方与衍射屏上的衍射位置之间的数学关系表达式,理论计算与实验数据拟合结果很好,这说明微观粒子的衍射需要用完全的量子理论方法进行研究,由此可推得此方法对微观粒子运动的研究具有普适性,还可以对物质波及其他粒子的单缝衍射、多缝衍射和光栅衍射进行研究.

英文摘要：

Motion of microscopic particles has been a very interesting topic.In order to explain the matter wave diffraction problem better,this paper using the new method of quantum theory to studies the Double-slit diffraction of C60 molecules using the new method of quantum theory.First,solve the Double-slit diffraction of C60 molecules wave functions by Schrodinger equation.Then calculate the diffraction wave function after the slit of C60 molecules with the Feynman path integral quantum theory.To obtain diffraction wave function of diffraction screen.Finally the analytic relation between the double-slit relative diffraction intensity and diffraction pattern position of C60 molecules is obtained.The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental data.This shows that the diffraction microscopicparticles need to be studied with quantum theory method completely.This method has universality for the study of the motion of microscopic particles.It also can be used in the study of single slit diffraction,Multi-slit diffraction and grating diffraction for matter wave and other particles. Keywords：double-slit diffraction ; quantum theory ; decoherence effects