中文摘要：

目的：观察孕期摄入酒精对新生鼠血糖的影响并探讨其发生机制。方法：6只Wistar孕鼠随机分为酒精灌胃组（4g·kg^-1·d^-1至分娩前）和对照组（给予等容积蒸馏水）。分娩后每组随机选12只新生鼠,摄入酒精孕鼠的新生鼠为酒精组,给予蒸馏水孕鼠的新生鼠为对照组。RT-PCR检测新生鼠脂肪组织瘦素、抵抗素mRNA表达水平,形态测定法观察胰岛细胞形态并分析胰岛结构参数。结果：与对照组比较,酒精灌胃组的新生鼠出生时体重明显降低（P〈0.001）,血糖升高（P〈0.05）,血浆及胰腺胰岛素含量均显著降低（P〈0.05）。酒精灌胃组新生鼠脂肪组织中抵抗素mRNA表达量增加（P〈0.05）,而瘦素mRNA表达量降低（P〈0.05）。酒精灌胃组新生鼠胰岛及细胞形态未发生改变,胰岛数量及细胞密度与对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：孕鼠大量摄入酒精引起新生鼠胰岛素分泌减少,改变与胰岛素抵抗相关的脂源性细胞因子基因表达,从而使新生鼠血糖升高,亦可能是引起成年期胰岛素抵抗发生的原因之一。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the effect of prenatal alcohol on blood glucose in newborn rats and study its mechanism. Methods Six female Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups, the rats in one group were given ethanol 4 g · kg^-1· d^-1 by gavage untill delivery （ETCH group）, the rats in another group were given the same volume water （control group）. 12 newborn rats from both groups were chosen randomly. The mRNA level of adipose leptin and resistin of newborn rats were determined by RT-PCR. Histomorphology and parameter of islet and cells were observed by morphometry. Results Compared with controls, the birth weight of rats in ETCH group was decreased significantly （P〈0. 001）; the insulin contents of plasma and pancreas were also decreased （P〈0. 05）, however blood glucose was increased in newborn ethanol rats （P〈0. 05）. Adipose resistin mRNA level was higher （P〈0. 05）, but leptin level was lower （P〈0. 05） in newborn ethanol rats. Morphology and the amount of islets as well as cell density were normal in newborn ethanol rats （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion Heavy ethanol consumption during pregnancy increase blood glucose level of newborn rats and decrease insulin secretion and adipokines gene linked insulin resistance which may contribute to insulin resistance in adult offspring.