中文摘要：

目的研究高机械指数诊断超声爆破微泡造影剂对大鼠肾脏微血管通透性的影响。方法实验中以伊文氏蓝（Evans blue,EB）为示踪剂检测超声爆破微泡对正常大鼠肾脏组织微血管通透性的影响。15只健康Sprague Daw-ley大鼠,雌雄不限,随机分为A、B、C三组,每组5只,A组为单纯注射EB组;B组为注射EB后接受超声辐照组;C组为注射EB和微泡后再接受超声辐照组。使用西门子S2000超声诊断仪,4P1探头,辐照方式为连续辐照。三组采用相同的频率（2MHz）、机械指数（1.4）、微泡剂量0.5ml/kg,超声辐照时间1min。15只大鼠均在EB注射30min后灌注、取材,使用Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件测量肾脏表面EB渗出面积百分比;使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察肾脏微血管周围EB外溢情况并进行视觉评分;使用标准曲线和分光光度法测量各组大鼠肾脏组织中EB含量,作为反映血管通透性的指标。结果 A组肾脏表面无EB渗出,B组肾脏表面有微量EB渗出,面积百分比为（0.089±0.013）%,C组肾脏表面有部分EB渗出,渗出面积（17.596±0.243）%明显高于A组和B组（P〈0.05）;C组激光共聚焦显微镜下可见肾脏微血管周围EB外溢,视觉评分等级为2级,显著高于A组（0级）及B组（0～1级）;C组肾脏组织中EB含量为（28.11±0.97）μg/g,比A组（11.48±1.05）μg/g和B组（13.18±1.28）μg/g明显增加（P〈0.05）。结论高机械指数超声联合微泡造影剂可使肾脏微血管通透性增加。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the impact of microbubbles induced by high mechanical index of diagnostic ultrasound in renal contrast on vascular permeability in rats.Methods 15 SD rats were randomized into 3 groups（group A,B and C）.Group A received injection of Evans blue.Group B received injection of Evans blue,followed by ultrasound to one side kidney.Group C received injection of Evans blue and microbubbles,followed by ultrasound to one side kidney.Siemens S2000 was used with 4P1 probe,frenquency of 2MHz.The same Mechanical Index（1.4）, the doses of microbubbles（0.5ml/kg）,and ultrasounic irradiation time（1min） were taken in all groups.All the rats were sacrificed 30min after Evans blue injection.The percentage of Evans blue leakage area were determined by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.The spillovers of Evans blue were estimated under fluorescence microscope according to the visual staining scores.The contents of EB in the kidney were calculated according to the standard curve and spectrophotometry.Results There was no Evans blue leakage area in the kidney in group A.There were a trace amount of Evans blue leakage area in the kidney in group B,the percentage of area is（0.089±0.013）%.The percentage of Evans blue leakage area in the kidney in group C（17.596±0.243）% were significantly higher than group A and group B（P〈0.05）.The spillovers of Evans blue were observed around the vascular in group C,which had a significantly higher visual score（2 level） than group A（0 level） and group B（0-1 level）.The EB content was（28.11±0.97）μg/g in group C,also significantly higher than those in group A（11.48±1.05）μg/g and group B（13.18±1.28）μg/g（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Microbubble induced by high mechanical index of diagnostic ultrasound may increase the renal vascular permeability in rats.