中文摘要：

在辨析地方创业概念和内涵的基础上,分析地方创业在集群发展不同阶段的作用和方式,并借鉴演化经济地理中最新的复杂理论,重点辨析在集群非线性发展过程中地方创业主体与集群结构的反馈过程,其中通过整合经济地理学中制度和关系转向的研究进展,提出必须特别关注在集群转型阶段地方创业主体的能动性,把地方创业过程看作创业家与集群内其他主体之间关系网络的制度-权力实践过程,这个实践过程的目的是为了使得新产业的技术范式和组织范式获得社会合理性,从而提高集群弹性,并促进集群转型和更新。

英文摘要：

The perspective of entrepreneurial agents for evolutionary investigation on the mechanisms of industrial cluster restructuring is particularly useful for understanding the bottom-up constructing process of restructuring. Based on the discussion on the content of entrepreneurship and concept definition of local entrepreneurship, this article proceeds with the theoretical analysis on the relationship between local entrepreneurship and cluster evolution. In the cluster formation phase, new firms relying upon the similar working experiences and diversifying firms are the critical mass owing to opportunities of interactive learning. In the cluster development phase, localized spin-off dynamics account for the rapid expansion of existing industries. When the cluster matures, the cluster paradox emerges. Agglomeration economies boost the performance of the incumbent firms, but meanwhile increases the degree of competition between new firms and the risk of spillover. In this case, specialized clusters tend to enter the phase of lock-in in particular in face of economic restructuring. Industrial structures with related diversification helps the restructuring of the clusters. However, the structure-determined view tends to overlook the agency of economic actors. Complex theory in evolutionary economic geography views cluster development as a non-linear process in arguing that the decline of clusters is not inevitable and clusters can be upgraded and restructured with new technology or new resources. Relying on the complex thinking in resilience theory, it highlights the new path creation as processes triggered by external shock events, and are jointly formed by existing socio-cultural environment for new business and active initiative taken by the entrepreneurs and their networks. The article tries to integrate the relational and institutional perspective in order to understand the local entrepreneurship as a power practice to legitimize new institutions for new technologies, which is placed in the relational geometries wi