中文摘要：

月亮湖末次盛冰期到早全新世湖泊沉积物气孔器分析的结果,揭示了大兴安岭地区以落叶松为主的针叶树演化历史：15.0 cal ka BP之前研究地点周围没有针叶树生长;15.0~12.8 cal ka BP开始到达研究区,在植被中所占比例逐渐升高;12.8~11.8 cal ka BP所占比例达到峰值,11.8~10.8 cal ka BP针叶树成分退缩.大兴安岭地区晚冰期的森林群落演化与东亚季风区不同纬度区域的植被演替具有可比性.气孔器和花粉记录揭示的植被演化阶段在时间上与欧洲地区Meiendorf间冰段、Oldest Dryas冷事件、B？lling-Aller？d暖期、Younger Dryas冷期以及早全新世温暖湿润期较为一致,温度变化是控制植被变化的主要因素.研究区的植被演替响应了全球冰量控制的北半球温度变化,揭示了东亚中纬度地区与北大西洋地区晚冰期快速气候变化的同步性.

英文摘要：

The research on the evolution of larch forest is significant to understand the vegetation and climate change in mid-high latitude region of the Northern Hemisphere. However, the pollen records to reconstruct the larch forest are problematic due to low pollen representation caused by severely poor pollen productivity and dispersal. New proxy of microfossils is needed to solve this problem. Using coniferous stomata as a proxy to reconstruct the evolution of conifers has some advantages, such as well preserved, locally deposited, continuously remained in lake sediments and can be accurately identified to the genus level. Therefore, a high-resolution stomata record covering 20.3–10.8 cal ka BP from Lake Moon was presented, in order to reconstruct larch forest history from the Last Glacial Maximum to early Holocene in the Great Khingan Mountain Region, Northeast China. Reference conifer stomata from fresh leaves of the local coniferous species and lake surface samples were prepared for the identification of the fossil stomata. Larix, Sabina and Picea stomata were identified from the sedimentary sequence of Lake Moon, and the results of stomata influx from this study and pollen influx from the previous study indicate that the vegetation evolution has gone through distinct stages. Before 15.0 cal ka BP, no Larix existed in the vicinity of study site. The first arrival of larch is inferred by the continuous presence of stomata at 15.0 cal ka BP, which manifests that the vegetation turned into forest steppe. The coverage of forest increases slightly from 15.0 to 12.8 cal ka BP with an interruption between 14.3 and 14.0 cal ka BP. During 12.8–11.8 cal ka BP, the vegetation were characterized by the expansion of conifers mainly Larix and the shrinkage of broadleaves and herbs. From 11.8 to 10.8 cal ka BP, the vegetation type remained as forest steppe with the shrinkage of conifers dominated by Larix, in conjunction with the expansion of broadleaves and herbs with high vegetation coverage. The establishment of larch fore