中文摘要：

支气管哮喘是一种慢性气道炎症性疾病，其病理生理特征主要表现为可逆性的气流受限和气道高反应性。其中嗜酸粒细胞、肥大细胞、中性粒细胞等是气道炎症的主要效应细胞。本文介绍了肥大细胞的来源、分型以及活化后释放的介质种类。重点综述了肥大细胞上Toll样受体的种类、作用以及在支气管哮喘的发生发展中的作用。

英文摘要：

Bronchial asthma （asthma） is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways, characterized clinically by reversible airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness （AHR）. Eosinophils, mast cells and perhaps neutrophils are the major effector cells participated in the airways inflammation. In the present article, we have attempted to review the origin and subtypes of mast cells, as well as biological mediators released by activated mast cells. We focused on the types and roles of Toll- like receptors expressed by mast cells, which are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.