中文摘要：

钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的提升技术可以从“防冶、“抗冶、“治冶3 个方面考虑.从“治冶的角度出发,综述了国内外对钢筋混凝土结构的传统修补方法和电化学修复方法的研究,介绍了阴极保护法、混凝土再碱化法、电沉积修复法、电化学除氯法以及电渗阻锈剂法的基本原理和研究现状,评述了各种修复方法效果及其影响因素.重点介绍了在结合电迁移型阻锈剂和电化学除氯技术优势的基础上提出的双向电渗修复法的概念、基本原理以及目前的研究状况和技术难点.最后,在双向电渗的研究基础上提出将纳米材料引入双向电渗的新方法.

英文摘要：

Durability enhancement of reinforced concrete structures can be considered from three aspects: protection, resistance, and rehabilitation. From the aspect of rehabilitation, this paper reviews the research of the traditional repair and electrochemical methods for rehabilitation of reinforced concrete structures. The principles and current research status of cathodic protection, realkalization of reinforced concrete, electrodeposition, electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE), and inhibitor electromigration anticorrosion technology are introduced, and their effects and factors are also discussed, with emphasis placed on bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation ( BIEM ) , which combines the advantages of ECE and inhibitor electromigration anticorrosion technology, as well as its key technical problems. Moreover, based on the research on nanomaterials, the new method of using nanomaterials in BIEM is proposed.