硫酸钾是一种优质无氯钾肥,关系到中国农业安全发展战略。归纳总结了国内外硫酸钾生产现状,生产方法主要有:硫酸法、复分解法、海水或卤水提取硫酸钾、固体钾矿提取法等。各工艺特点是:曼哈姆法能耗高,设备腐蚀严重,单炉生产能力难扩大;缔置法生产规模都偏小、生产过程中缔合剂损失较大;复分解法需要优质原料与资源;固体钾矿提取法技术不成熟。充分利用中国丰富的盐湖和海(卤)水资源以及特定的味精废液等资源,探索资源的循环经济建设,大力开发硫酸钾创新生产工艺技术,将是未来的主攻方向。
Potassium sulfate,which is related to the safety of Chinese agricultural development strategy,is a kind of high-quality potash fertilizer without chloride.Current status of potassium sulfate production at home and abroad was summarized.Major production methods include sulfuric acid method,double decomposition method,extraction from sea water or brine,and solid potassium ore extraction method etc..Characteristics of each method were reviewed,such as Mannheim method is high in energy consumption,severe in equipment corrosion,and difficult to enhance the productivity of single furnace;associated displacement method is small in production scale and has a serious loss of associating agent during production process;double decomposition method needs much high-quality raw material and resources;and solid potassium ore extraction method still has some technical problems.In order to take full advantage of the abundant resources,such as salt lakes and sea (brine) water and specific waste monosodium glutamate liquid etc.,the exploration of recycling economy construction and vigorously developing innovative production technology of potassium sulfate will be the main direction in future.