中文摘要：

在介绍大气折射基本类型及其对电磁波影响的基础上,概述了三种类型大气波导的形成机制,分析了不同天气系统、气象要素和天气现象对大气波导的影响,总结了易于出现大气波导现象的天气条件。研究气象条件对大气波导的影响,对于研究和预测电磁波在大气中的传播特性以及在军事上的应用都具有十分重要的意义。

英文摘要：

Three types of formation mechanisms of atmospheric duct are summarized,based on the introduction of basic types of atmospheric refraction and their effects on electromagnetic wave. In addition, impacts of different weather systems and meteorological elements and weather phenomena on atmospheric duct are analyzed. At last,we get the weather conditions that are prone to produce atmospheric duct. It is important for us to study the effects which the meteorological conditions have on atmospheric duct, because the results are of great significance to studying and predicting the characteristics of transmission of electromagnetic wave in the atmosphere and analyzing radar echo images.