中文摘要：

甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）和乙基叔丁基醚（ETBE）在水中积累，不易降解，同时MTBE具有一定的潜在致癌性。有关微生物对MTBE和ETBE等醚类物质的降解途径和机制的研究目前受到国内外研究者的广泛关注，而加氧酶的研究是其关键领域。已发现的对醚类物质降解有重要作用的酶类主要有细胞色素P450单加氧酶和烷烃单加氧酶。其中细胞色素P450单加氧酶主要由eth基因或cam基因编码，而烷烃单加氧酶主要由alk基因编码。结合MTBE和ETBE的代谢途径，并就醚类物质降解和代谢过程中起关键作用的加氧酶的研究进展作了综述。

英文摘要：

Methyl tert-butyl ether （MTBE） and ethyl tert-butyl ether （ETBE） are highly water soluble and recalcitrant to biodegradation, they are commonly present in groundwater and MTBE has become a major health concern due to the potential to cause human cancers. Oxygenases have been identified as the key enzymes for biodegradtion of MTBE or ETBE. The paper presented an introduction to oxygenases, including their sources and types, roles in biodegradation of MTBE and ETBE, and factors affecting their production and effectiveness. Two important oxygenases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and alkane monooxygenase, were highlighted. Directions of future research on MTBE/ETBE biodegradation focusing on enhanced production of oxygenases were also presented.