战略人力资源管理理论认为人力资源管理(HRM)系统和企业竞争战略之间的匹配关系会对企业绩效产生影响。通过类型学和分类学两条主线归纳并总结了关于HRM系统及其与企业绩效关系的研究,提出了HRM系统、竞争战略与企业绩效关系的假说,并以133家样本企业为研究对象,对理论假说进行了检验。研究发现,采取内部型HRM形态的企业的绩效高于采取市场型HRM形态的企业;环境特征(产业技术变革、劳动力市场竞争)对HRM系统形态与企业绩效关系的调节效应仅得到部分支持,而企业规模的调节效用没有得到支持;企业的竞争战略对人力资源战略选择的影响很小;HRM系统与竞争战略匹配企业的绩效高于没有匹配企业的假说没有得到支持。最后,对研究结论进行了讨论,分析了其局限性和未来研究建议。
Strategic human resource management (SHRM) holds that the fitness of human resource management system (HRMS) and Competitive strategy will improve firm performance. The paper reviewed the research on HRMS by conceptual typologies and empirical taxonomies, proposed several hypotheses on the relationship among HRMS, Competitive Strategy and firm performance, and tested the hypotheses based on the data of a survey in 133 sample firms in China. We found the firms with internal HRMS had relatively higher performance than those with Market Type HRMS. The results partly proved that the moderating effect of contextual variables (industry technologic transformation and labor market competition) on the relationship of HRMS and firm performance and did not prove the moderating effect of firm scale on the relationship. The effect of complete strategy on HRM strategy is unobvious. The hypothesis that firms with ideal matches between competitive strategy and HRMS will perform better than finns with mismatches was not supported. In the end, this paper discussed the results, limitations of this research and implications for future research.