中文摘要：

目的：了解汶川地震6个月后都江堰地区青少年创伤后应激症状（Posttramatic Stress Symptoms，PTSS）的检出率及人群特征，并分析其相关因素。方法：采用便利取样，选取都江堰市区内学校规模较大、学生生源来自城镇和农村的一所初中和一所高中，抽取学生2004人，其中初中7～9年级777人（年龄11～14岁），高中10年级1227人（年龄15—17岁），用心理创伤后应激障碍自评量表（Post—Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-rating Scale，PTSD—SS）、青少年自评生活事件量表（Adolescent Self-rating Life Event Checklist，ASLEC）、儿童简易应付方式问卷（Children Simple Coping Style Questionnaire，CSCSQ）、自编一般人口学及地震暴露情况调查表评估创伤后应激症状及其相关因素。结果：（1）PTSS的检出率为15．9％，女生检出率高于男生（19．0％vs．12．2％，P〈0．05），15—17岁年龄组检出率高于11—14岁年龄组（19．4％vs．10．4％，P〈0．05）；（2）使用协方差分析后，女生PTSD-SS总分仍高于男生，15～17岁组仍高于11～14岁组，农村学生仍高于城镇学生[（39．0±14．0）vs．（35．6±13．6），（39．2±15．1）vs．（34．8±11．4），（40．0±15．7）vs．（36．7±13．3），Ps〈0．05]，但非独生子女与独生子女间PTSS—SS总分差异无统计学意义（P=0．260）；（3）较多的震后负性生活事件（β=0．387）、消极应对方式（β=0．258）、有家人伤亡（β=0．184）、其他财产损失（β=0．059）和目睹经历（β=0．136）是PTSS的危险因素（Ps〈0．05），而积极应对对PTSS有保护作用（β=-0．178，P〈0．001）。结论：震后6个月都江堰地区青少年创伤后应激症状的检出率依然较高；减少灾后负性生活事件的发生并引导学生采用积极的应对方式，对促进其心理康复有重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore the rates and related factors of posttraumatic stress symptoms （ PTSS） among adolescents in Dujiangyan area 6 months after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods： One middle school and one high school located in Dujiangyan urban district with large number of enrollments and the students in which were from both rural and urban areas were selected. From these two schools, 2004 students [ 777 from middle school （ grade7-9 ）, 1227 from high senior school （ grade 10 ） ] were sampled to fill out the Self-Rating Scale for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder （ PTSD-SS ）, Adolescent Self-rating Life Event Checklist （ ASLEC）, Children Simple Coping Style Questiomlaire （ CSCSQ ）, and a self-made general demographic and earthquake exposure questionnaire. Results： The rate of PTSS was 15.9%, higher in girls than in boys （ 19.0% vs. 12. 2%, P 〈 0. 05 ）, and higher in age 15 - 17 group than in age 11 - 14 group （ 19.4% vs. 10. 4%, P 〈 0. 05 ） . After using analysis of covariance, the total scores of PTSD-SS in girls, 15 - 17 age group, and students from rural areas were remain higher than that in boys, 11 - 14 age group, and students from urban areas respectively [ （ 39.0 ± 14.0 ） vs. （ 35.6 ± 13.6）, （39.2±15.1） vs. （34.8±11.4）, （40.0±15.7） vs. （36.7±13.3）, Ps 〈0.05], while no significant differences were showed between only-child and non only-child （ P = 0. 260 ） . More post-earthquake negative events （β=0.387）, negative coping （β =0.258）, death of family members （β =0. 184）, other property＇s damage （β = 0. 059 ） and earthquake witness experience （β = 0. 136 ） were risk factors for PTSS （Ps 〈 0. 05 ） ; while positive coping served as a protective factor for PTSS （β = -0. 178, P 〈 0. 001） .Condusion： The rate of PTSS among adolescents in Dujiangyan district is relative higher 6 months after the earthquake. It is important to decrease the incidence of post-earthquake negative events and courage students t