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中文摘要：
目的：探寻慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的中医证型分布规律及特殊证型特点。方法：分别在新疆南、北疆进行立意抽样调查,南疆选取喀什地区第一人民医院及喀什胸科医院,共收集患者98例,北疆乌鲁木齐地区在新疆维吾尔自治区中医医院呼吸科及其分院、西山社区共调查312例COPD患者。对患者一般情况、生活特点、中医四诊进行临床调查,确定诊断并进行辨证分型。结果：410例COPD患者中Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级居多,占70%,肺功能改变上第1秒用力呼为容积（FEV1%）较最大肺活量（FVC%）下降明显;调查显示共计14种证型,单纯实证患者126例,单纯虚证患者167例,虚实夹杂117例;出现频率较高的证型是肾阳虚、肺气虚、痰浊阻肺、风寒袭肺、肾阴虚、西北寒燥证、脾气虚;西北寒燥证主要在Ⅰ级中多见且肺功能相对较轻;出现症状共计51种,其中出现40%的症状是气短、咳嗽、气喘、咽干口干、神疲乏力、咳痰、胸闷、健忘、汗出、畏寒、心慌、腰膝酸软、头晕、形寒怕冷。结论：新疆患者证型主要以痰、燥、虚、寒为主,根据中医因地制宜、因时制宜的理论,治疗除常规止咳化痰、宣肺平喘外,尚需根据地域特点予以相应的温肺润燥等治疗,及时有效的干预能减少该病的发作次数、延长缓解期时间、迅速缓解症状以提高新疆慢阻肺患者的中医临床疗效。
英文摘要：
Objective： To explore the syndromes distribution and characteristics of special syndromes of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）.Method： Purposive sampling in the southern and,selected Kashi first people＇s hospital and Kashi chest hospital,ninety-eight patients were collected in southern.In northern Xinjiang selected traditional Chinese medicine hospital of Xinjiang uygur autonomous region and its branch,western hills community investigated a total of 312 cases of COPD patients.Survey the patient generally,life characteristics,Chinese medical to determine the diagnosis and the syndrome differentiation.Result： Four hundred and ten patients with COPD in the majority of level 1 and level 2,70%,FEV1% on lung function decreased significantly compared with FVC%.This survey shows that a total of 14 kinds of syndromes,purely excess 126 cases,purely deficiency 167 cases,deficiency-excess complex 117 cases,the higher frequency of syndromes is the kidne yang deficiency syndrome,lung qi deficiency syndrome,syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung,syndrome of wind-cold assailing the lung,kidne yin deficiency syndrome,northwest dry and cold syndrome,spleen qi deficiency syndrome,evidence,mainly in the northwest dry and cold syndrome is 1 level in the more common and relatively mild lung function;symptoms a total of 51 species,of which 40% of the symptoms appear shortness of breath,coughing,wheezing,throat dry,lack of strength,cough,chest tightness,forgetfulness,sweating,fear of cold,palpitation,weak knees,dizziness.Conclusion： patients with syndromes of Xinjiang mainly sputum,dry,deficiency,cold-based,according to the Chinese local conditions,and the time of the theory,in addition to conventional treatment of cough and phlegm,Xuanfei pingchuan,but still need to be appropriate according to geographical features temperature and lung moistening treatment,immediate and effective intervention can reduce the number of episodes of the disease and prolong remission time,quickly relieve the symptoms of COP
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