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中文摘要：
温度是制约昆虫种群发生、分布和扩散的重要环境因子。在长期进化和自然选择过程中,昆虫具备了一系列适应外界温度变化的策略。其中,冷驯化作为一种有效提高耐寒能力的途径,在昆虫对环境温度昼夜和季节变化的适应中发挥重要作用,是当前昆虫耐寒性研究的热点领域。本文简要论述了昆虫冷驯化的途径、作用机制和去冷驯化效应,着重总结和讨论了影响昆虫耐寒性效果的诸多因素,分析了冷驯化对昆虫生存、繁殖和子代适合度的影响,并展望了冷驯化对昆虫耐寒性影响的理论和实践意义,以期对昆虫耐寒性研究和天敌昆虫人工助增应用提供借鉴。
英文摘要：
Temperature is one of the key factors that restrict occurrence, distribution and diffusion of insect populations. During long-term evolution and natural selection, insects have developed a series of strategies to adapt to changes of ambient temperature. As an effective approach, cold acclimatization （rapid cold hardening and cold acclimation included） plays a very important role in the adaptation of insects to the diurnal and seasonal variation of temperature, and it has been a hot research field recently. This paper reviewed approach, mechanisms and influencing factors of insect cold acclimatization, effects of de-acclimation as well as impacts of cold acclimatization on insect fitness. Furthermore, theoretical and application prospects of cold acclimatization were discussed in order to enlighten researches on insect cold hardiness and mass release of natural enemies.
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