中文摘要：

G-四联体是一种特殊的核酸二级结构,广泛存在于人类基因组DNA以及RNA中,如DNA的端粒序列、基因的启动子序列、RNA的5＇端非翻译区（5＇UTR）序列等。许多研究发现,G-四联体结构在基因的稳定性、端粒合成过程、基因转录和翻译水平的表达调控、基因重组等生命过程中起着至关重要的作用。目前的研究主要涉及DNA中的G-四联体、RNA中的G-四联体以及人工设计的G-四联体寡聚核苷酸,本文将从这三个方面介绍G-四联体的生物学功能相关研究进展。

英文摘要：

G-quadruplex is a kind of special secondary structure of nuclei acids,which exists in genome DNA and RNA and preferentially located in functional regions such as telomeres,promoters,5＇ untranslated region（5＇ UTR） of mRNA and so on.G-quadruplex has been implicated by a lot of studies as an important structure in many biological processes including gene stability,telomere synthesis,transcriptional or translational regulation of gene expression and recombination.We here review the recent studies of G-quadruplex in genome DNA,RNA and G-quadruplex oligonucleotides,focusing on their biological function.