中文摘要：

随着经济发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,城市居民对健康的重视程度不断的增加,医疗设施作为城市中不可或缺的公共设施发挥着越来越重要的作用。城市的不断扩张导致医疗机构的分布已不能适应当前的城市规模,如何能够将有限的医疗资源进行合理的分配,并能在最大程度上满足居民的需求成为当下研究热点。本研究基于地理信息系统（GIS）空间分析技术,根据统计资料建立武汉市中心城区交通网络、医疗机构分布、人口等数据库,分别从可达性和公平性角度评价武汉市医疗设施的空间分布合理性,并利用地理空间可达性评估法和基于交通网络行进时间成本法分别对武汉市中心城区医疗设施可达性进行评价。就医可达性评估显示,武汉市居民就医便捷程度总体上较好,并以长江和汉江的交界地区为中心,呈四周放射状分布。通过引入需求指数、医疗机构规模、区域人口、人均可支配收入等指标,利用基尼系数、空间相关性和空间分层异质性评价医疗服务设施空间分布公平性。结果表明,武汉市医疗机构分布按人口分布合理,医疗机构主要集中分布在人口密集的主城区;地理分布上城郊地区医疗机构相对稀少。最后,依据可达性和公平性评价结果,对武汉市医疗设施布局提出合理化建议。在城市规划发展中,应更多考虑改善郊区等交通欠发达区域居民的就医条件,从而完善城市医疗设施分布。

英文摘要：

With the development of economy and the improvement of living standards, urban residents pay more attention on health and medical facilities play a more and more significant role in public facilities. The continuous urban expansion make the distribution of medical facilities cannot meet the requirements of the size of the city. Thus, it is necessary to research on how to distribute medical resource reasonably and to fulfill residents＇ requirement to the most extent. In this study, based on the spatial analysis of GIS, we established the database of urban traffic network, distribution of medical facilities and the population according to relevant statistical data for the downtown of Wuhan city. We also evaluated accessibility and equity of spatial distribution of medical facilities in Wuhan. The accessibility of medical facilities in downtown Wuhan was evaluated using the evaluation method of geographical spatial accessibility and the cost model of travel time based on traffic network. The assessment shows that the convenience to medical services is generally good in Wuhan, distributing radially around Yangtze and Hanjiang River. By introducing demand index, medical institution scale, regional population and per capita disposable income, the equity of medical service system was evaluated using the Gini coefficient, spatial correlation and spatial stratified heterogeneity. It indicated that the distribution of medical institutions in Wuhan is reasonable from the aspect of population distribution. Medical institutions are mainly distributed in the area of dense population while the distribution of medical institutions is comparatively rare in suburban area. The advice was proposedto improve the distributions of medical facilities. In suburban area where traffic is underdeveloped, medical conditions should be taken more considerations in city planning in order to improve the distribution of urban medical facilities.