中文摘要：

近年来,随着国内对大豆需求的增加,大豆科技投入长期不足,大豆单产提高缓慢,使中国大豆供需矛盾日趋突出。大豆新品种的选育,一直是育种家们长期以来的目标。优良品种是大豆高产的基础。在选择大豆品种时,要因地制宜,尽量选用适合密植、抗病虫害、抗倒伏的优良品种,同时要符合当地的气候特征和耕作条件。笔者通过从572份东北大豆品种资源中筛选出黑龙江省第二积温带生态区适应性较为突出的50份材料,进一步了解50份育成品种的遗传结构、遗传背景及各品种之间的亲缘关系,品种在各个区域的适应性能力,为优异种质资源的创新与利用提供理论指导,为新品种选育提供信息。

英文摘要：

In recent years, the increase of domestic demand for soybean, the insufficient science andtechnology input in soybean production, and the slow increase of per unit area yield have caused more obviousimbalance between supply and demand. New soybean variety breeding has always been the objective of plantbreeders for a long time. Excellent varieties are the basis of soybean high yield. In choosing soybean varieties,local climate and farming condition should be taken into account, varieties suitable for close planting and withresistance to pests and diseases and lodging should be selected. The authors selected 50 varieties which weresuitable for the second accumulated temperature zone in Heilongjiang from 572 soybean variety resources, andthe genetic structure, genetic background and genetic relationship of those 50 varieties were studied, and thevariety adaptability in all areas was also analyzed. The results provide a theoretical direction for the innovationand utilization of excellent germplasm resources, and provide information for new variety breeding.