中文摘要：

利用乙醇溶液浸渍法将氯化钙担载于粗孔硅胶上，通过焙烧或微波加热使氯化钙在载体表面分散，研究了不同条件下氯化钙在粗孔硅胶上的单层分散及其氨吸附量的影响，并将结果与水溶液浸渍法进行了比较。结果表明，乙醇溶液浸渍样品的适宜焙烧温度为500℃，对应的氯化钙单层分散阈值在0．4-0．5g／g之间，而水溶液浸渍样品的最大单层分散容量小于0．4g／g，乙醇溶液浸渍法较水溶液浸渍法更适合在粗孔硅胶上担载氯化钙。乙醇浸渍微波法与焙烧法相比，微波法能显著提高氯化钙在硅胶上的单层分散。氨吸附实验进一步验证了上述结论，担载量为0．5g／g的乙醇浸溃微波样品的氨吸附量最大，在35℃达到0．654g／g。乙醇溶液浸溃样品的氨吸附分离能力明显大于水溶液浸渍样品。

英文摘要：

Calcium chloride was loaded onto the siloehrom gel by impregnating in ethanol solution, and dispersed by calcination or microwave irradiation. The monolayer dispersion and its ammonia adsorption capacity of CaCl2 onto silochrom at different conditions were studied, and the results were compared with those obtained by the aqueous solution impregnation method. It was showed that the proper calcination temperature for ethanol solution impregnation sample is 500℃, and the corresponding monolayer dispersion threshold of CaCl2 is between 0.4g/g and 0.5g/g, while the one for aqueous solution impregnation sample is less than 0.4g/g. Ethanol solution impregnation method is more suitable to load the CaC12 onto silochrom than the aqueous solution impregnation method. Comparing the microwave irradiation method with the calcination method, the former can significantly increase the monolayer dispersion of CaCl2 onto silochrom. The experiments of ammonia adsorption further verified the results mentioned above. The ammonia adsorption capacity of 0.5g/g ethanol solution impregnation microwave sample is the best, its maximum is 0.654g/g at 35 ℃. The ammonia separation capacity of ethanol solution impregnation sample is obviously higher than those of aqueous solution impregnation sample.