中文摘要：

利用RAPD标记对25份不同秋眠等级的苜蓿材料进行分析,构建了25份苜蓿材料的DNA指纹图谱,用两种方法（特异的谱带类型和不同引物谱带类型的组合）可以有效的鉴别苜蓿单株,说明RAPD标记是鉴定苜蓿的一种有效方法。通过计算25份苜蓿材料的遗传距离,进行聚类分析,探讨它们之间的亲缘关系。结果如下：25份苜蓿材料间的遗传距离介于4.69-8.14之间,说明材料间的遗传距离较大,亲缘关系较远,遗传基础较宽;从50条RAPD引物中筛选出19条引物,总共扩增出144条带,其中134条呈多态性,占93.05%,10条为单态性带,占6.94%;遗传距离为7.39时,试验材料可以分为差异明显的4类,苜蓿材料间有较大的遗传差异,这为苜蓿引种、亲本选配,分子标记辅助选择育种提供良好的理论基础和科学依据。

英文摘要：

RAPD technology was employed to analyze the 25 alfalfa accessions with different fall dormancy levels and the RAPD fingerprinting were constructed.Two independent and effective ways,including unique band types and combination of the band types of different primers,in identification of the alfalfa individuals were proved,which indicates that RAPD is very effective to identify alfalfa germplasms.The genetic distance in tested alfalfa materials was between 4.69 and 8.14,which suggested that the genetic diversity of alfalfa was high and the genetic base was wide.Totally 144 bands were generated with 19 RAPD primers,of which 134（93.05%） were polymorphic,10（6.94%） were monomorphic.The cluster analysis based on RAPD markers revealed that the tested materials belonged to four groups by λCD=7.39.There was a wide genetic difference among the tested materials,which would provide the theoretical base for genetic improvement and selection of cross-bred parents in alfalfa.