中文摘要：

罗伯特·菲茨罗伊（Robert FitzRoy,1805—1865）是英国著名的气象学家。作为天气预报业务的创始人,首次创造了“天气预报”这一气象专用术语,于1863年撰写的《The weather book（天气学手册）》深入浅出地介绍了其在气象学研究方面的多年研究成果,是一本可以让大众阅读的气象学实用指南。文中简要介绍了菲茨罗伊的人生经历,并以菲茨罗伊的代表作《天气学手册》为重点,梳理了菲茨罗伊在气象学方面的研究成果,重点介绍了菲茨罗伊在气象仪器、全球气候特征、天气预报等方面的认识,并围绕菲茨罗伊的科学研究成果浅谈了其对气象学的主要贡献。

英文摘要：

Robert FitzRoy （1805 - 1865） was an English officer of the Royal Navy and a meteorologist. FitzRoy was a pioneering meteorologist who made accurate daily weather predictions, which he called by a new name of his own invention： ＂Forecasts＂. The Weather Book, which he published in 1863, was far in advance of the scientific opinion of the time,and it was a manual of practical meteorology for the general public. This paper first briefly introduced the life of FitzRoy. Based on major contents of The Weather Book, this paper then introduced the profound achievements and deep insight of FitzRoy in meteorological instruments, globe climate characteristics, and weather forecasts and so on. This paper also summarized FitzRoy＇s contributions to meteorology.