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中文摘要：
应用高压封闭体系,对塔里木盆地海相原油中的沥青质组分进行了热裂解模拟实验,从气态烃产率及碳同位素演化、焦沥青的生成等方面,探讨了沥青质作为特殊气源的生气机理。运用Kinetics动力学软件,计算得到沥青质裂解的动力学参数（活化能和指前因子）,在此基础上,将模拟实验结果外推至地质条件下,探讨其动力学模型的实际应用。结果表明,沥青质裂解气在Easy%Ro值0.8左右开始生成,在Easy%Ro值2.65左右其转化率达到1。Easy%Ro为0.9时沥青质裂解进入主生气期（转化率0.1）,Easy%Ro为2.3时主生气期结束（转化率0.9）。研究成果可为中国海相层系裂解气的判识、资源评价及勘探决策等提供实验和理论依据。
英文摘要：
The pyrolysis simulation of the asphaltenes in marine crude oil in Tarim Basin was carried out in an anhydrous closed system under a constant pressure of 50 MPa.The gas-generation mechanism of asphaltene in marine crude oil was discussed on the basis of the yields and carbon isotopic composition of gaseous hydrocarbons and the yields of pyrobitumen.Kinetic parameters of gaseous hydrocarbons generation generated from asphaltene was obtained by kinetic calculation and extrapolated to geological conditions.Gaseous hydrocarbon begin to generate from asphaltene around Easy% Ro 0.8,and the conversion rate of gaseous hydrocarbon reach to 1 at Easy% Ro 2.65.The main gas-generation period of asphaltene pyrolysis range from Easy% Ro 0.9（conversion rate 0.1） to Easy% Ro 2.3（conversion rate 0.9）.The application result can provide a theoretical basis for identification and assessment of oil cracking gas and exploration decision of marine carbonate area in China.
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