中文摘要：

目的建立简易单纯爆炸伤模型，探讨寒冷干燥环境下兔脑火器伤后血清中一氧化氮（NO）和诱生型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的早期变化。方法20只成年日本大耳兔随机分为3组，在寒冷干燥的自然环境下分别给予单纯爆炸伤、单纯开颅手术及空白对照处理，伤后6h分剐检测血清一氧化氮（NO）和诱生型一氧化氯合酶（iNOS）含量并进行组间比较。结果火器伤组血清iNOS含量和NO含量明显高于对照组和开颅组。各组间的NO比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。除火器伤组血清iNOS（339．15±131．73U／ml）与开颅组（276．82±106．99U／ml）之间比较差异无统计学意义外（P〉0．05），其余各组间的iNOS比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论寒冷干燥环境下兔脑火器伤后血清NO和iNOS含量均有升高，NO升高明显。该模型合理、简便，可应用于寒冷干燥环境下颅脑火器伤的病生机制研究。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish a new simple explosion model and to detect early changes in contents of serum nitric oxide （NO） and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） after firearm injury of rabbitg brain in northwest cold and dry environment. Methods Twenty adult Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. In cold and dry environment, rabbits in each group were given with different treatment ： blast injury, simple craniotomy and none （control）. Six hours later, the contents of serum NO and iNOS were measured, then they were compared. Re- suits The contents of serum iNOS and NO in firearm injury group were obviously higher than those of control group and craniotomy group. Com- parison in contents of serum NO among different groups showed significant difference （ P 〈0.05 ）. Significant difference was found in comparison for serum iNOS （ P 〈 0.05 ） among different groups, except firearms injury group with craniotomy group （ P 〉 O. 05 ）. Conclusion The con- tents of serum NO and iNOS were significantly increased after firearm injury of brain in cold and dry environment. The elevation of serum NO is more significant. This animal model can be used for observation of changes in contents of serum NO and iNOS after firearm injury of brain in cold and dry environment, and it is convenient and reasonable. It can be applied for biochemical study of craniocerebral firearm injury under cold and dry environment.