中文摘要：

目前对脊髓损伤后神经轴突的再生及功能重建尚无有效的方法。随着神经组织工程及再生医学的发展，发现水凝胶材料能够为神经元及轴突生长提供结构支持，同时可作为载体搭载各种药物（促神经再生活性因子及基因等）及种子细胞（神经干细胞、施旺细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞等）促进脊髓损伤区域神经轴突的再生及突触连接的重建，为脊髓损伤的治疗带来了新希望。其中，人工合成水凝胶生物材料是当前脊髓损伤修复及重建领域的研究热点。本文就人工合成水凝胶材料的类型、制备方法及在脊髓损伤修复及重建中的作用研究现状及发展趋势作一述评。

英文摘要：

Spinal cord injury （SCI） is a worldwide clinical challenge for spinal surgeons. Re- cently, a new regenerative medicine strategy has been suggested using smart biomaterials able to carry and deliver cells and/or drugs in the damaged spinal cord. Among the wide field of emerging materials, re- search has been focused on hydrogels, three - dimensional polymeric networks able to swell and absorb a large amount of water. The present paper intends to give an overview of a wide range of synthetic hydrogels.