中文摘要：

随着人类对核能需求的快速增长,为应对核能发展的挑战,世界主要核能国家已经开始了先进核能系统的研发。新材料与新技术被认为将在未来先进核能系统中发挥重要作用,其中纳米材料与纳米技术显示了在未来核能中广泛的潜在应用前景。纳米材料是近年来受到广泛重视的一种新型功能材料,本文综述了纳米材料与纳米技术在先进核燃料制造、乏燃料后处理、核废物处置以及核环境修复等核燃料循环领域的应用基础研究现状,并对纳米材料技术在未来先进核能系统中的应用发展趋势进行了展望。

英文摘要：

With the rapid growth of human demands for nuclear energy,in response to the challenges of nuclear energy development,the world＇s major nuclear countries have started the RD of advanced nuclear energy systems,in which new materials and new technologies are considered to play important roles.Nano-materials and nano-technologies,which have gain extensive attentions in recent years,have shown a wide range of potential applications in future nuclear energy system.In this paper,the basic research progresses of nano-materials and nano-technologies in advanced nuclear fuel fabrication,spent nuclear fuel reprocessing,nuclear waste disposal and nuclear environmental restoration is reviewed.Furthermore,the RD trends of nano-materials and nano-technologies in future advanced nuclear energy system are discussed.