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中文摘要：
在阐述千年气候变化研究意义的基础上，围绕着如何利用气候系统模式来对过去千年的气候变化进行归因模拟、以理解其中自然和人为因素的作用问题，总结和评述了国际上相关研究进展，进一步归纳了千年气候变化数值模拟中亟待解决的科学问题，重点包括千年气候演变中自然变率特征时段（即中世纪暖期和小冰期）与人类活动影响时段（即20世纪气候变暖）的气候差别，在中世纪暖期、小冰期和20世纪气候变暖这3个特征时段上，自然变化和人类活动影响的作用与机制比较、中国过去千年气候演变的模拟等，随后，扼要介绍了国家自然科学基金重大项目“中国地区树轮及千年气候变化研究”之课题“中国千年气候变化数值模拟与机理研究”的主要研究内容。
英文摘要：
After emphasizing the role of millennial climate simulation in global warming study, the authors reviewed the recent progresses in the simulations of climate change over the last millennium, along with a description of potential contributions from natural variability and anthropogenic variability. Some scientific issues calling for further studies in millennial climate simulations are documented. The research foci include studies on the difference of natural forcing climate change during the Medieval Warm Period （MWP） and Little Ice Age （LIA） and the anthropogenic climate change during the 20th century, the mechanisms responsible for the MWP, LIA, and 20th century climate warming, numerical simulation of the millennial climate evolution of China （ East Asia）. The objectives of National Natural Science Foundation project entitled ＂Numerical Simulation of the Past Millennial Climate over China＂ are described. Change
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