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中文摘要：
对根瘿蚊属Rhizomyia Kieffer的属征进行修订,并记述采自云南、贵州、海南和福建的该属两新种,分别命名为细叉根瘿蚊Rhizomyia leptodicratasp.nov.和新月根瘿蚊Rhizomyia meniscata sp.nov.。模式标本保存于南开大学昆虫标本馆。细叉根瘿蚊,新种Rhizomyia leptodicrata sp.nov.（图1～5,9～13）新种与分布于俄罗斯的俄根瘿蚊R.rossica Mamaev＆Zaitzev和塔根瘿蚊R.turriformis Fedotova＆Sidorenko以及分布中国的新月根瘿蚊Rhizomyia meniscatasp.nov.在雄性成虫阳茎上的特征相似,但区别明显：新种雄性成虫阳茎端部具两个细长的尖锐突起,而R.rossica雄性成虫阳茎端部具两个圆突,R.turriformis雄性成虫阳茎端部具两个分叉状的突起,R.meniscata雄性成虫阳茎端部具两个角状尖突。正模♂,云南普洱（思茅）菜阳河保护区（22.48°N,100.58°E;海拔1500m）,2002-05-17,卜文俊马氏网捕。副模：1♂,同正模;4♂♂,云南普洱（思茅）菜阳河保护区倮倮新寨山（22.48°N,100.58°E）,2002-05-23,其它同正模。词源：新种种名leptodicrata为一阴性复合拉丁形容词,意为＂细长分叉的＂,指该种雄性成虫阳茎端部呈细长分叉状。新月根瘿蚊,新种Rhizomyiameniscatasp.nov.（图6～8,14～18）新种与近似种区别如上。正模♂,贵州梵净山（27.5°N,108.4°E;海拔1350m）,2002-05-29,王新谱马氏网捕。副模：1♂,海南坝王岭（19°N,109°E;海拔900m）,1988-05-10,卜文俊灯诱;1♂,福建武夷山桐木七里桥（27.7°N,117.6°E;海拔1000m）,1993-04-30,卜文俊捕。词源：新种种名meniscata为一阴性拉丁形容词,意为＂新月形的＂,指该种雄性成虫阳茎端部背腹向呈新月形。
英文摘要：
The generic diagnosis of the genus Rhizomyia is revised and two new species, R. leptodicrata sp. nov. and R. meniscata sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated in the present paper. The type specimens were deposited in the Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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