中文摘要：

水平叠加技术是提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率的方法之一.只有当CMP道集同相轴校齐,消除各种时差,才能实现CMP道集中各道真正的同相位叠加,否则地震资料的高频信息会缺失,降低信噪比和分辨率.本文给出一种应用相位替换的处理方法消除CMP道集中的剩余时差,利用消除剩余时差后的CMP道集进行叠加.这种方法的理论基础是地震信号的到达时完全包含在信号的相位谱中,通过改变相位谱可以达到改变信号到达时的目的.综合理论模型和实际资料的数据处理,详细探讨了该方法对提高信噪比和分辨率的效果,结果表明,通过选取合适的参考道,该方法可有效地提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率且理论上可以消除任何时差.

英文摘要：

Horizontal stacking technique is one of the methods to improve the signal to noise ratio and resolution of seismic data.Only by correcting the CMP gathers in phase axis and eliminating all kinds of the moveout,real phase superposition of the each gather from CMP gathers can be achieved,otherwise,high frequency information of seismic data will be deleted,noise ratio and resolution will be reduced.This paper presents an application of the phase replacement process to eliminate the residual moveout of CMP gathers and to use the CMP gathers that have eliminated the residual moveout to superpose them.The theory basis of this method is that seismic signals arrival time could be completely contained in the phase of signal spectrum,by changing the phase spectrum to change the signal arrival time.Comprehensing theoretical model and data processing of the real data,discusses the effect of this method on improving the signal to noise ratio and resolution.The result shows that by choosing suitable reference trace,this method can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data and in theory it can eliminate any moveout.